When beginning to understand what equipment you would need to setup your own surround sound system, you must take into affect the measurements of the room you are looking to use. This is important because optimizing a large room with various obstructions, if any, would require completely different equipment than what it would take to fill smaller room with the same level of sound. For example, an 8" subwoofer may be ideal for a smaller room whereas a 15" or multiple subwoofers may be required for a large room or hall. It takes time and research to figure out what is best for you.
Speaker Placement?
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The following diagram depicts where the speakers should be setup in a Dolby Pro Logic surround setup and a Dolby Digital setup with 5.1 channels.
It is recommended that all speakers be placed generally at ear level from the listening position in the center of the room. Subwoofer placement is a touchy subject as you may need to move it around the room to test where you believe it best suits your listening attributes. However, a subwoofer is typically more proficient when it is placed in the corner of the room.
Surround Sound Modes
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Many A/V receiver have simulated surround atmospheres. Some atmospheres that are typically available are Hall, Arena, Stadium, and many many others.